Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced naturally during cellular metabolism often cause oxidative damage to cells. However, ...

Metacaspases, cysteine proteases in plants, are traditionally linked to programmed cell death (PCD) but also have emerging roles in cellular homeostasis and pro-survival functions. Under abiotic ...

Plant cell and molecular biology encompasses the structures, processes and signalling pathways that underpin growth, development and environmental adaptation. At the subcellular level, research ...

Cells are the smallest unit of life and the building blocks for all organisms. Each component of a cell has its own function. Animal and plant cells differ and they have similarities. Nucleus, cell ...

Water scarcity is projected to intensify across many major agricultural regions in the coming decades. According to the World Resources Institute, by 2040 more than one third of global cropland is ...

Scientists have created a new atlas of plant cells during immune response, in turn discovering a new rare cell state, called Primary IMmunE Responder (PRIMER), that acts as an immune response hub to ...

Directed evolution is a laboratory technique that mimics natural selection and allows scientists to evolve genes and the proteins they encode. Traditionally, this technique has been used in microbes, ...

In a groundbreaking study on the synthesis of cellulose -- a major constituent of all plant cell walls -- a team has captured images of the microscopic process of cell-wall building continuously over ...

The sunlight-collecting organelles known as chloroplasts solve a packing problem: how to optimize photosynthesis without sustaining damage from dangerously intense rays. Living on light is a dangerous ...